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Applicant:
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Patna 
Author:
R. Pandey, L. K. Pradhan, S. Kumari, M. K. Manglam, S. Kumar, M. Kar 
Corresponding Authors:
M. Kar 
DOI #:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166862 
Title:
Surface Magnetic Interactions between Bi0. 85La0. 15FeO3 and BaFe12O19Nanomaterials in (1-x) Bi0. 85La0. 15FeO3-(x) BaFe12O19 Nanocomposites 
Journal:
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 
Year:
2020 
Volume:
508 
Page:
166862 
Keywords:
Multiferroics, Composites, Ferromagnetism, Antiferromagnetism, LA to saturation, ΔH~M plot 
Abstract:
Two different sets of multiferroic nanocomposites i.e., (1-x)Bi0.85La0.15FeO3-(x)BaFe12O19with x = 0.00, 0.05,0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50 and 1.00 have been synthesized by the solid-state reaction method and high energyplanetary ball mill techniques. The peaks in the XRD patterns can be indexed toR3ccrystal symmetry ofBi0.85La0.15FeO3andP63/mmccrystal symmetry of BaFe12O19. It suggests the absence of any major chemicalreaction between the two phases. Moreover, it is assumed thatBi0.85La0.15FeO3and BaFe12O19crystal symmetriesare present in the composite independently. Magnetic properties have been improved significantly due to theincorporation of BaFe12O19in the composites. Vegard's law suggests that the experimentally observed magne-tizations are higher than that of theoretically calculated value. The difference between the theoretical and ex-perimental magnetization as well as the anomaly in the magnetic hysteresis have been explained by consideringthe magnetic interaction correlation length between Bi0.85La0.15FeO3and BaFe12O19magnetic phases. Thehysteresis loop width (ΔH) versusMplots has been introduced to understand the magnetic interaction (exchangebias) between Bi0.85La0.15FeO3and BaFe12O19. Magnetocrystalline anisotropy increases with the increase in thepercentage of BaFe12O19in the composite.1. IntroductionMultiferroic materials are the current research interest due to itsbroad range of potential applications such as; multistate memory ele-ments, novel memory media, spintronics, magneticfield sensors, etc.[1,2]. However, the simultaneous occurrence of ferroic order para-meters (i.e. ferroelectric and ferromagnetic) in a single-phase materialis rare. Mostly they exhibit ferroic transition below room temperatureas well as show weak ferromagnetism. Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) cur-rently is considered as a promising multiferroic candidate that exhibitsantiferro-paramagnetic (TN≈643K) and ferro-paraelectric transition(TC≈1103K) [1]. But, the weak ferromagnetism, low resistivity, highleakage current, weak magnetoelectric (ME) responses and high di-electric loss in perovskite BiFeO3(BFO) prevents it from device appli-cations[1,3,4]. Substitution of different transition and rare earth ele-ments on the Fe and Bi sites of BFO has shown improved dielectric,electrical resistivity, magnetic properties as well as magnetoelectriccoefficients[3,5–19]. Y. Li et al. have reported enhanced remnantmagnetization and ME coupling of 0.40 emu/g and 7.65 mV/ (cm Oe),respectively in Mn substituted BFO[17]compared to that of BFO. Animproved magnetic, electrical resistivity and strong magneto-dielectriccoupling at room temperature in Nd and Mn co-substituted BFO havebeen demonstrated by Kumari et al.[18]. However, values of magneticparameters and magnetoelectric (ME) coefficient are quite low for de-vice applications. Therefore, designing materials with large ferroelec-tricity and strong ferromagnetism is necessary to achieve the aboverequirements. Several multiferroic composites of BFO have been de-signed such as, BiFeO3-CoFe2O4[20,21],CoxNi1−xFe2O4-BiFeO3[22],CrFe2O4–BiFeO3[23],BiFe0.5Cr0.5O3–NiFe2O4[24],Bi0.8Dy0.2FeO3–Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4[25],Bi0.85La0.15FeO3-CoFe2O4[26],(Bi,Gd)FeO3-Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4[27]etc. which have shown significantenhancement in the multiferroic properties as well as ME coefficientscompare to that of BFO. There are other magnetically active hetero-structures such as BZT-BCT/LSMO, CFO/LSMO/LAO, CFO/NiO, CFO/NiS etc. have been fabricated and their improved magnetic and elec-trical properties have been demonstrated[28–37].Moreover, as a magnetic counterpart, Barium hexaferrite(BaFe12O19) is a well-known ferromagnetic material. It can be used ascost-effective rare-earth free permanent magnets, high density mag-netic recording media, RADAR absorbing materials, microwave devices  
Entered by:
Physics Head on 2020-08-02 
 
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