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Applicant:
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Patna 
Author:
Jadda, K. and R. Bag 
Corresponding Authors:
R. Bag 
DOI #:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105637 
Title:
Variation of swelling pressure, consolidation characteristics and hydraulic conductivity of two Indian bentonites due to electrolyte concentration 
Journal:
Engineering Geology 
Year:
2020 
Volume:
272 
Page:
105637 
Keywords:
Bentonites, Swelling pressure, Hydraulic conductivity, SEM, XRD test 
Abstract:
The hydro-mechanical properties of the buffer material play an important role in the design of deep geological repositories. This paper presents the effect of various electrolyte concentrations on swelling pressure, consolidation characteristics and hydraulic conductivity of two different Indian bentonites. Constant volume swelling pressure tests on compacted bentonite specimens as well as consolidation tests on saturated bentonite specimens were carried out by supplying 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 N NaCl and CaCl2 solutions. The change in morphology and microstructure of bentonite specimens were examined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and XRD analysis. The hydraulic conductivity was calculated based on consolidation test results. At a dry density of 1.4 Mg/m3 both swelling pressure and hydraulic conductivity of divalent bentonite were found to be approximately 2.9 and 7.3 times higher than that of monovalent bentonite when saturated with deionized water. The electrolyte solutions altered the morphology, microstructure and hydro-mechanical properties of the monovalent bentonite significantly; however, the effect was found to be negligible for divalent bentonite. An empirical equation is proposed to predict the hydraulic conductivity of the bentonites. A good correlation between experimental and predicted hydraulic conductivity of bentonites is obtained. The divalent bentonite was found to be better suitable engineered barrier material in the electrolyte environment, whereas monovalent bentonite was found preferable at low salinity conditions. 
Entered by:
Physics Head on 2020-08-03 
 
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